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Article:
10 Things To Look For In A Home-Equity Line Of Credit
By: Tim Paul
If you are a homeowner, you’ve probably received
offers to apply for a home-equity line of credit (HELOC) loan. Handled
with care, HELOC loans can be an excellent way to improve financial
flexibility, provide readily available cash reserves for emergencies,
or pay for large expenses (like college tuition or home improvements)
that have irregular payment schedules. But be aware that not all
home-equity credit lines are created equal. If you decide that a
HELOC is right for you, what features should you look for? Here
are ten things that should be at the top of your list:
1. No application fee (or fee should be refunded
at closing – The HELOC loan market is very competitive. Some
lenders may charge a fee to help cover their costs of processing
your HELOC application and to ensure applications are received only
from seriously interested homeowners. If your lender assesses an
application fee, be certain that it is refundable at closing. Otherwise,
look elsewhere for your HELOC loan.
2. No appraisal or closing costs – The market
value of your property is key to determining the amount of your
credit line. Some lenders are willing to use publicly available
tax assessment data in lieu of formal appraisals. Others may absorb
appraisal costs to attract customers. Either way, there are enough
no-cost options available that you should not have to settle for
HELOC lender that charges appraisal costs or any other closing costs.
3. No account maintenance or check-writing fees
– Lenders obviously make their money when you write checks
(borrow) on the home-equity credit line. Most lenders make it as
hassle-free as possible with free checks and, sometimes, even debit
cards. If your lender charges fees for the privilege of having a
HELOC checking account, look elsewhere.
4. No "non-usage" fees – On the
other hand, a few lenders have started assessing fees to homeowners
who take out home-equity credit lines but don’t use them enough!
Apparently they don’t approve of the notion that a homeowner
may want to have a HELOC as an emergency “reserve” account.
Definitely look for a lender that does not charge this type of fee.
5. Variable APR equal to or near the prime rate
(adjusted quarterly) – The only cost involved with a good
home equity credit line should be interest charged (APR) on the
balance borrowed. As with any loan, the borrower’s goal is
to get the lowest possible APR. Most lenders use the “prime
rate” as published in the Wall Street Journal (or other publication)
as a base index and charge you an APR equal to prime plus or minus
a marginal percentage (e.g. 0.25%). Search for the best rate available,
but be aware of low “teaser” rates that may suddenly
change after a brief introductory period or be accompanied by special
fees. Also, keep in mind that the periodic and lifetime caps on
rate changes are as important as the initial rate (see below).
6. Periodic cap on interest rate changes (the amount
that the rate can be changed at one time) – Virtually all
HELOC loans are variable rate loans meaning that the initial interest
rate (APR) will change at some point as surely as the weather. A
key is to understand how often the rate can adjust and how much
the rate can be adjusted at one time. Of course, when rates are
falling the larger and faster the change, the better for you. But
more important is the upside risk you face when rates are rising.
Look for a HELOC that adjusts quarterly (rather than monthly) in
increments of 0.5% or less. Note: with expectations of rising interest
rates, many lenders appear to be eliminating the periodic rate cap
feature and raising lifetime caps to legal limits. If you have an
older HELOC that incorporates relatively low rate ceilings (or if
you find one), consider yourself fortunate!
7. Lifetime cap on rate increases (the amount that
the rate can be adjusted over the loan's life) – A good HELOC
is something you’ll want to keep for awhile. Although interest
rates have been at relatively low levels for a number of years,
it wasn’t too long ago that a 10% loan was regarded as a bargain!
The point is that interest rates over time can rise dramatically.
You’ll want to find a HELOC with a lifetime rate cap that
you can live with. Ask your loan officer to clearly spell out the
“worst case” scenario for rate increases for the HELOC
you are applying for.
8. Ability to convert to a fixed rate loan –
When rates do rise, people often get skittish about their variable-rate
debt. A useful feature to look for in a HELOC is the ability to
convert the line of credit to a standard fixed-rate, fixed-term
home-equity loan (HEL). You likely won’t get an APR as favorable
as a newly issued HEL, but you also won’t have appraisal or
closing costs to pay if you convert. However, note that many lenders
charge a fee for converting to a fixed rate loan.
9. Interest-only payments allowed – It is
usually best to make regular principal payments on your HELOC balance.
Yet a job loss or other emergency can make it a challenge to keep
payments current. In these situations it is nice to have the flexibility
to lower your HELOC payment as much as possible without increasing
your loan balance or raising red flags at the credit rating agencies.
10. Unrestricted ability to repay principal without
penalty – On the other hand, you also want the flexibility
to pay down principal on the loan when you choose. You may get a
bonus from your job that you want to apply to the loan or you may
find a 0% balance transfer offer that is worth taking advantage
of. In any case, a key component of a good HELOC is the unfettered
ability to repay principal.
Shop around and you will be able to find a HELOC
loan with many (if not all) of these features. Keep in mind that
your bank is not the only game in town. Credit card companies, mortgage
bankers and brokerage firms have all entered the market and offer
competing products. Credit unions typically offer excellent terms
and should not be overlooked. Also, there are many reputable on-line
sources that have lower overhead costs and may be able to offer
better terms than the local bank.
About the Author: Tim Paul is a financial management
executive with more than 25 years experience. His websites focus
on personal finance issues and include http://www.sagetips.com,
http://www.529rewards.com
and, http://www.reverse-mortgage-information.org.
Source: www.isnare.com
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